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The Recycling Component of the National Waste Management Strategy Implementation (NWMSI) Project aims to develop a realistic and practical approach to increase and extend recycling in South Africa. Provision is made within this component for the investigation and possible pilot implementation of an industrial waste exchange initiative, as a mechanism for bringing about waste reduction in South Africa, through the reuse and recycling of industrial waste. As a first step toward developing such an initiative a review of the status quo of industrial waste exchange internationally and locally was undertaken and is documented in this report.